Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysed Esterification Reaction for n-Hexyl Acetate Synthesis part 8 Concentration Profile of Components Figure 11 below shows one of the concentration profiles of acetic acid (A), n-hexanol (B), n-hexyl acetate (C) and water (D). The concentration of acetic acid comes down rapidly from 1.5 Kmol/m3 to 0.1 Kmol/m3 in only 1 hour. […]
Jan 5 2012 | Posted in
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Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysed Esterification Reaction for n-Hexyl Acetate Synthesis part 7 Results and Discussions: Effect of Acetic Acid Concentration Figure 8 shows data that is relevant to industrial conditions. There is a significant difference in conversion achieved between the control concentration (@ 99.8% concentration acetic acid) and the dilute system, 30% concentration. Most notable […]
Jan 5 2012 | Posted in
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Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysed Esterification Reaction for n-Hexyl Acetate Synthesis part 6 Results and Discussions: Effect of Catalyst Loading The evolution of the ester was studied at three different catalyst loadings i.e. 1% (w/w), 2.5% (w/w) and 5% (w/w) using Purolite CT-124. It can be seen from Figure 6 that with increasing catalyst loading, speed […]
Jan 4 2012 | Posted in
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Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysed Esterification Reaction for n-Hexyl Acetate Synthesis part 5 Experimental findings for the n-hexyl acetate synthesis are detailed in this section. The most striking feature of the resulting figures is the shape that they all share the same steep rise in conversion to a point whereby the equilibrium is observed, a plateau […]
Dec 31 2011 | Posted in
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Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysed Esterification Reaction for n-Hexyl Acetate Synthesis part 4 Batch Kinetic Studies Figure 2 is the image of batch reactor apparatus used to conduct the n-hexyl acetate esterification reaction. The apparatus consisted of a jacketed five necked batch reactor A stirrer motor was connected to the batch reactor via middle neck to […]
Dec 30 2011 | Posted in
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Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysed Esterification Reaction for n-Hexyl Acetate Synthesis part 3 EXPERIMENT Materials and Catalysts Acetic acid, n-hexanol and n-hexyl acetate were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich UK. Methanol, n-butanol and acetone were purchased from Fisher Scientific, U.K. These chemicals were used without any further purification. Cation exchange resins, Purolite CT-124, CT-151 and CT-175 were kindly […]
Dec 29 2011 | Posted in
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Optimisation of Heterogeneous Catalysed Esterification Reaction for n-Hexyl Acetate Synthesis part 2 Introduction continued Blagov et al. (2006) explored the catalysed esterification with n-butanol observing the effect on conversion and selectivity of ester from various catalyst brands. Most notably, at higher catalyst loadings, particularly at 10-15%, they detected the formation of side-products (olefins and ethers). […]
Dec 28 2011 | Posted in
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Technology has been the kingpin of every the economic boom in the history. The recent examples of economic stabilities and progress have all been made possible by latest innovations and inventions in the world of technology. The 1070s, 80s and 90s are all examples of it and there are buds of the new opportunities arising […]
Dec 27 2011 | Posted in
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